What is the significance of the Separation of Powers in the Indian Constitution, and how does it differ from the American model?

Separation of powers is actually the division of government authority among the legislature, executive, and judiciary in order to prevent  consolidation of power and provide checks and balances in the country.

Indian Constitution:

India maintains functional separation of powers for smooth running of the entire system of the country rather than strict separation (like the United States does).

In India ,the legislature creates laws, the executive implements them, and the judiciary interprets them.

Articles 50, 121-122, 211-212, and 361 all reflect the above classification substantially..

American Model of Constitution:

In USA, there is a Rigid separation of powers. The president cannot serve in the legislature, and judges can only be ousted by the legislature through the act of  impeachment.

This clear division of powers ensures maximal independence of functioning organs in the country’s system.

Indian Uniqueness:

In India, there are checks and balances which  include the president’s power to issue ordinances, judicial scrutiny, and legislative supervision over the administration.

Here it is flexible to accommodate a parliamentary system in which the executive is chosen from the legislature.

Relevance :

Prevents tyranny and ensures the rule of law.

Essential for preserving democracy in an era of judicial activism, coalition politics, and growing presidential power.

Note: To take practice tests on Daily current Affairs MCQs, click the link that is attached.

UPSC General Studies Paper Preparation