DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS QUIZ – 21 May 2025

Ans. b
Explanation:
Why in News: In the Grievance Redressal Assessment Index (GRAI) for 2023-24, the Ministry of Home Affairs has consistently secured a position within the top 10 ministries, demonstrating strong performance across all 15 specified metrics.
Purpose: Originated and crafted by the Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG), Government of India.
Objective: Aims to offer a comparative overview across organizations and highlight strengths and areas of enhancement within the grievance redressal system.
Index Dimensions: Encompasses a thorough assessment index covering Efficiency, Feedback, Domain, and Organisational Commitment.
Data Source: Relies on information gathered from the Centralised Public Grievance Redressal and Management System (CPGRAMS) for analysis and evaluation.

Ans. d
Explanation:
Why in News: Recently, a United States national encountered severe legal repercussions due to their participation in unlawfully importing and selling refrigerants, including hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and a variant of hydrochlorofluorocarbons.
Definition:,Refrigerants serve as gases that cool appliances such as refrigerators and air conditioners by absorbing heat and transferring it to a cooler environment.
Types of Refrigerants: Refrigerants encompass hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and a specific type of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) identified as HCFC 22.
Emergence and Adoption: HFCs and HCFCs gained prominence as alternatives to chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) during the 1990s.
Environmental Impact:
Refrigerants are released into the atmosphere due to damage to appliances or car air conditioning systems.
Approximately 90% of refrigerant emissions occur during improper disposal at the end of equipment life.
Environmental Classification:
HFCs are categorized as short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs).
HCFCs are identified as both ozone-depleting substances (ODS) and potent greenhouse gases.
Montreal Protocol:
An international treaty established to safeguard the ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances.
Adopted on September 16, 1987, and ratified by nearly all nations worldwide.
Phasing Out Schedule: Under the Montreal Protocol, countries were required to eliminate CFCs by 1996 and HCFCs by 2030.
Kigali Amendment:
A significant addition to the Montreal Protocol, ratified on October 15, 2016, in Kigali, Rwanda.
Aims to reduce the consumption of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by 80% by the year 2047.

Ans. b
Explanation:
The HDI is not solely a measure of two aspects but rather a composite evaluation of a nation’s average accomplishments across three fundamental dimensions of human development: health, knowledge, and standard of living. (Statement 1 is incorrect)
The HDI indeed encompasses Amartya Sen’s “capabilities” perspective on comprehending human well-being, which prioritizes the significance of ultimate objectives, such as a satisfactory standard of living, over the methods employed to achieve them, such as income per capita.

Ans. b
Explanation:
India has recently announced a donation of $2.5 million to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) to aid the welfare of Palestinian refugees.

Statement 1 is incorrect: Following the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict, UNRWA was established based on United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) Resolution 302 (IV) issued on December 8, 1949. The agency’s mission is to administer direct relief and employment programs for Palestinian refugees. Its operations officially began on May 1, 1950.

Ans. c
Explanation:
Recently, it has been verified that a stone idol venerated by the Bhils in the Bagh region of Madhya Pradesh is actually a fossilized dinosaur egg.
The Bhils are acknowledged as one of the ancient tribes indigenous to India.
The term ‘Bhil’ is derived from the Dravidian word ‘villu’ or ‘billu,’ meaning ‘Bow.’
They are identified as a Dravidian ethnic group originating from Western India and are categorized within the Austroloid cluster of tribes.