The Biological Diversity (Amendment) Act, 2023 seeks to simplify access to biological resources, but critics argue it undermines biodiversity conservation. Critically examine this statement in the context of India’s obligations under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).

Answer: Model Answer approach

The inquiry concerns the most current revisions to the Biodiversity Act of 2002. It is necessary to investigate how the recently modified provisions affect conservation.

Introduction: We might begin by briefly discussing the BDA, 2002 and the convention it aims to implement. The goal or purpose of the Act or this convention can also be mentioned.

• In order to satisfy India’s responsibilities under the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the Biological Diversity Act, 2002 was enacted. The right of nations to control their biological resources is recognized by the CBD. In order to update the 2002 Act to meet modern requirements and encourage sustainable biodiversity protection and utilization in India, the Biological Diversity (Amendment) Act was introduced.

Body: To make it apparent which provisions are being altered, one can write about the revisions in a tabular fashion using contrasting formats based on different provisions. We can discuss the potential effects of these laws on conservation in the following section of the response.

• Only businesses under foreign control are permitted to use biodiversity resources. This could lead to unregulated exploitation and raise worries about possible circumvention by domestic enterprises with foreign shareholding.
• There are concerns about the Act’s possible negative impacts on biodiversity and traditional knowledge holders because it appears to favor easing rules and facilitating economic interests.

Note: Stay informed about the most recent UPSC current Affairs, where we provide clear explanations of the major events.

In conclusion, we can discuss the importance of the revisions as well as the need to balance the demands of development and conservation in order to achieve sustainable development.

• While making an effort to conform to modern demands, the Biological Diversity (Amendment) Act, 2023, raises questions regarding possible detrimental effects on traditional knowledge holders, biodiversity conservation, and the implementation of biodiversity protection legislation in India. It demands striking a careful balance between promoting sustainable development and preserving the country’s abundant ecological legacy.

Practice Question

Question: India’s legal framework on biodiversity protection is evolving, yet concerns remain over participation, accountability, and equity. Examine the role of the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) and State Biodiversity Boards (SBBs) in ensuring decentralized governance and community participation post-2023 amendments.

Note: To take UPSC mains tests on GS Mains Q & A, click the link that is attached.

UPSC General Studies Paper Preparation