Formation of ministries and departments today are based on politicization and other regional demand rather than on administrative efficiency. Comment with examples.

Answer: creation of a new ministry, named the Ministry of Cooperation to realise the vision of ‘Sahkar se Samriddhi’ or prosperity through cooperatives.
This is the second ministry to be created during the second term of the Modi government, after it came to power in 2019. The first new ministry to be established was the Jal Shakti ministry in 2019.However, unlike the Ministry of Cooperation, it was created by integrating two existing ministries — water resources, river development and Ganga rejuvenation, and drinking water and sanitation.
A ministry in the Government of India essentially overlooks one subject and comprises employed officials such as civil servants who oversee its functioning. Most major ministries are headed by a Cabinet Minister.
Cumulatively, all cabinet ministers, ministers of state and the ministers of state who have an independent charge are called the ‘Council of Ministers ‘that aids the Prime Minister in governance. Some ministries also have subdivisions that are called departments.
Ministries or departments are created by the President on advice of the Prime Minister under the Government of India (Allocation of Business Rules) 1961, which is part of Article 77 of the Constitution.

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