DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS QUIZ – 9 December, 2025

 Explanation: Japan lies on the Pacific Ring of Fire, which hosts 75% of the world’s volcanoes and most major seismic events. Multiple tectonic plates—Pacific, Philippine, Eurasian—interact here, causing frequent quakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions.

Explanation: The Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) coordinates global tsunami-warning guidelines, modelling frameworks, and capacity building. Japan collaborates closely with IOC on seismic oceanography and community-level preparedness programmes.

 Explanation: Shinkansen bullet trains were halted automatically through seismic sensors to prevent derailments. Airports remained open with delays. Such automated transport shutdowns are a hallmark of Japan’s disaster-preparedness governance architecture.

 Explanation: Shoaling occurs when tsunami waves slow down in shallow waters, causing their height to increase dramatically. This makes a small deep-ocean ripple turn into a massive coastal surge, leading to devastating coastal flooding.

 Explanation: India spends significant foreign exchange sending aircraft abroad for repair. A domestic MRO/testing centre drastically reduces cost and turnaround time, improving defence fleet readiness and enabling faster civilian aviation maintenance cycles.