DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS QUIZ – 16 December 2024

Ans) a

Judicial Review refers to the authority of the Courts to assess the constitutionality of legislative actions and executive orders. It involves the examination by the judiciary of the constitutionality of legislative and executive actions undertaken by both the Central and State governments. If, upon examination, these actions are found to contravene the Constitution (ultra vires), the judiciary has the power to declare them illegal, unconstitutional, and void, rendering them unenforceable by the Government.

The scope of judicial review in Indian courts has evolved along three dimensions:

1. Ensuring fairness in administrative actions.
2. Safeguarding the constitutionally guaranteed fundamental rights of citizens.
3. Adjudicating on matters of legislative authority and jurisdiction disputes between the central and state governments.

Answer: B) Livability or living conditions

Explanation: The Global Livability Index ranks cities based on factors such as stability, healthcare, culture, education, and infrastructure, assessing their overall living conditions.

Answer: C) An automatic protection system designed to prevent train collisions

Explanation: Kavach, formerly known as TCAS, is a state-of-the-art electronic system developed to automatically prevent train collisions by activating the braking system if the driver fails to adhere to speed restrictions.

Ans) c

Explanation:

In India, the primary legislation governing criminal trials is the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (Cr.PC) in conjunction with the Indian Evidence Act, 1872.

Statement 1 CORRECTLY describes the distinction between cognizable and non-cognizable offenses. Cognizable offenses, such as murder, rape, theft, rioting, robbery, and sedition, empower the police to investigate and arrest without a warrant, whereas non-cognizable offenses, like assault, cheating, forgery, defamation, public nuisance, require a warrant for arrest.

Statement 2 INCORRECT. Cognizable offenses can be either bailable or non-bailable, while non-cognizable offenses are generally bailable. In bailable offenses, bail can be granted as a matter of right, while for non-bailable offenses, the judge assesses the circumstances to decide whether bail should be granted.

Statement 3 correctly asserts that non-cognizable offenses are typically less serious in nature, encompassing crimes like assault, cheating, forgery, defamation, and public nuisance. Cognizable offenses, as per Section 2(c) of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (CrPC), encompass serious crimes punishable by death, life imprisonment, or imprisonment exceeding 3 years.

Answer: D) Green Coke and Calcined Coke

Explanation: The two main types of pet coke are Green Coke, characterized by high moisture and volatile matter content, and Calcined Coke, which has a higher carbon content than green coke.