Consider the following statements regarding Gopal Hari Deshmukh:
- He gained widespread recognition under the moniker ‘Lokahitawadi.’
- He initiated a weekly publication called Hitechchhu, available in both Gujarati and English.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Ans. c
Explanation:
Gopalhari Deshmukh (1823-1892) served as a social reformer and rationalist in Maharashtra. While holding the position of a judge during the British colonial rule, he contributed articles under the pen name ‘Lokahitawadi’ for the weekly publication Prabhakar, addressing issues related to social reform.
Deshmukh actively criticized Hindu orthodoxy and advocated for social and religious equality. He expressed opposition to the flaws of the caste system, asserting that if religion fails to endorse social reform, then a change in religion is warranted. Additionally, he initiated the publication of the weekly magazine Hitechhu in both Gujarati and English and played a key role in establishing periodicals such as Gyan Prakash, Indu Prakash, and Lokahitawadi. Deshmukh authored works on various topics, including the Panipat war, Kalyog, Jatibhed, and Lankecha Itihas.
Beyond his literary pursuits, Gopalhari Deshmukh founded the “Gujarati Budhhi-Wardhak Sabha,” established a branch of Prarthana Samaj in Ahmedabad, and created an institute that promoted the remarriage of widows. Additionally, he revitalized the Gujarat Vernacular Society.