Question: Groundwater, though invisible, is indispensable to India’s water security and food security. Critically examine the factors responsible for its decline and suggest a roadmap for sustainable management.

How to approach the Answer

Give a quick overview of groundwater’s significance and its role in the water profile.

For Example: Water that percolates through aquifer rocks and soil and is stored below ground is known as groundwater. About 40% of the water supply in India comes from groundwater.

Body:

Causes of the concerning groundwater decline. Ensuring groundwater sustainability is heading two.

Conclusion: Using SDG-6 to highlight its effects on sustainable development and food security.

Example: India’s water security, food security, and sustainable development are all seriously threatened by groundwater depletion. India can help achieve Sustainable Development Goal 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) and preserve this essential resource for future generations by guaranteeing sustainable groundwater management.

Practice UPSC Mains Question: India’s efforts to manage its groundwater resources require both technological innovation and community participation. Examine the role of initiatives like NAQUIM and Atal Bhujal Yojana in this regard. (15 marks)

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